Skip to main content
Nets are the core abstraction in Lager for representing physical test points, signals, or buses on your device under test. Each net maps a friendly name to a specific instrument channel.

Syntax

Global Options

Commands

Command Reference

List Nets (Default)

List all saved nets on a Lager Box. This is the default behavior when no subcommand is provided.
Output Columns: The Script column only appears if any debug net has a J-Link script attached. Example Output:

add

Create a new net by specifying its name, type, channel, and instrument address.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Unique name for the net (e.g., supply1, debug_main)
  • ROLE - Type of net: power-supply, battery, solar, debug, adc, dac, gpio, scope, eload, uart, usb, camera, arm, watt-meter, thermocouple, i2c, spi. The legacy tokens supply and batt are accepted as input aliases and normalized to power-supply / battery — saved nets always carry the canonical role.
  • CHANNEL - Channel identifier (e.g., 1, AIN0, FIO0, STM32F4, 0)
  • ADDRESS - VISA address or device path (e.g., TCPIP::192.168.1.100::INSTR)
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
  • --jlink-script FILE - J-Link script file for debug nets (stored on box)
  • --sda PIN / --scl PIN - Custom LabJack pins for i2c nets
  • --cs PIN / --sck PIN / --mosi PIN / --miso PIN - Custom LabJack pins for spi nets (--cs is optional; omit it for 3-pin SPI with manual chip select)
Pin values accept LabJack DIO names (FIO0-FIO7, EIO0-EIO7, CIO0-CIO3, MIO0-MIO2) or raw DIO numbers (0-22). When pin options are given, the CHANNEL argument is ignored — pass custom. If a chosen pin overlaps another saved LabJack net, a warning is printed but the net is still created. Examples:
The --jlink-script option is only applicable for debug nets. If used with other net types, a warning is printed and the option is ignored.
Validation Rules:
  • Net names must be globally unique across all types
  • The (role, instrument, channel, address) tuple must match a connected instrument
  • Channel binding follows the per-instrument rules described in Channel & Role Constraints below

Channel & Role Constraints

Different instrument families bind nets to channels differently. Lager classifies every supported instrument into one of three categories and enforces the rules consistently across add, add-all, and the TUI.

1. Multi-channel instruments

Instruments with physically independent outputs / inputs. Each channel is its own circuit and can host its own net. Rule: at most one net per (instrument, address, role, channel) tuple. Two nets that share (instrument, address, role) but differ in channel are fine — that’s exactly what multi-channel is for.

2. Single-channel, multi-mode instruments

Instruments with one physical channel that can run in one of several modes but not multiple modes at once. The role tells the box which firmware mode to flip the chip into. Rule: at most one net per (instrument, address). Once any role is saved on the chip, every other role disappears from the add list. To switch modes, delete the existing net first. These chips are tracked in _SINGLE_CHANNEL_INST (Keithley, EA) and _MODE_EXCLUSIVE_INST (FTDI_FT232H) in cli/commands/box/nets.py and cli/commands/box/net_tui.py.

3. Single-role debug probes

Standalone debugger boxes — one probe drives one target MCU. Rule: at most one debug net per (instrument, address).

4. Multi-channel FTDI debug adapters

FT2232H (2 channels: A, B) and FT4232H (4 channels: A, B, C, D) physically expose multiple USB interfaces. Channels A and B are MPSSE-capable (JTAG/SWD via OpenOCD); channels C and D on the FT4232H are UART-only. The user picks an interface per net via an @ suffix on the device type. Debug nets encode the channel in the device field:
Equivalent forms: @A/@0, @B/@1, @C/@2, @D/@3. Devices without an @ suffix default to the interface OpenOCD’s interface config picks (typically channel A). UART nets distinguish channels by their tty path. The USB scanner enumerates every /dev/ttyUSB<N> bound to the chip’s USB serial; each shows up as a separate add-list entry, so on an FT4232H you’ll see up to four UART options. Rule: a debug net is unique per (instrument, address, channel-suffix). So a single FT2232H can host:
  • one debug net on @A
  • one debug net on @B
  • one uart net on a /dev/ttyUSB<N> belonging to whichever channels you didn’t claim for MPSSE
  • one each of spi / i2c / gpio (which all bind to channel A in the OpenOCD interface config — incompatible with debug@A)
The user is responsible for not double-booking channel A (e.g. picking debug@A and spi); the box doesn’t validate that today.

Quick decision table

add-all

Automatically create nets for all available channels on all connected instruments. This is useful for quickly setting up a new Lager Box.
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
  • --yes - Skip confirmation prompt
Example:
Output:

add-batch

Create multiple nets from a JSON file for efficient bulk setup.
Arguments:
  • JSON_FILE - Path to JSON file containing net definitions
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
JSON Format:
Example:

assign

Assign a USB-serial cable to a known instrument the box cannot auto-detect. Some instruments have no USB control port and are reached over RS-232 through a generic USB-serial adapter — for example, a Rigol DP711 power supply behind a Prolific cable. The box sees only the adapter (a uart device), not the instrument behind it. assign records “this cable is the DP711’s serial line” on the box. From then on, the scanner reports the instrument itself: it appears in lager instruments, in the TUI, and you can create nets for it with lager nets add like any auto-detected device. Assign once per cable; the assignment is stored on the box and survives reboots and replugs. Creating nets stays the normal, repeatable step.
Options: End-to-end example (Rigol DP711):
Without --as-net, the command prints the exact lager nets add invocation for the new instrument:
How it works:
  • The cable must be plugged in to assign it — its USB identity (vendor/product ID) is captured from the live device.
  • Nets for assigned instruments use a durable serial://<vid>:<pid>/serial/<s> (or .../port/<p>) address instead of a /dev/ttyUSB* path, so they survive tty renumbering, reboots, and port moves.
  • While a cable is assigned, it is no longer offered as a generic UART device — the serial line belongs to the instrument.
Some cheap USB-serial clones share one serial number (or have none). If assign reports multiple matching cables, pin the assignment to a physical box port with --port instead — the trade-off is that moving the cable to a different port breaks the assignment.
Removing an assignment:
The cable is offered as a generic UART device again. Nets live and die with their assignment: any saved nets bound to the assignment’s serial:// address are deleted automatically and reported in the output. The same cascade applies when re-assigning a cable to a different instrument (or switching its identity from --serial to --port) — only a baud-only re-assign keeps the existing nets. Currently assignable devices: Rigol DP711 (single-channel RS-232 power supply). Run lager nets assign --list to see the catalog your box supports.

delete

Delete a specific net by its name and type.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the net to delete
  • NET_TYPE - Type of the net (supply, debug, adc, i2c, spi, etc.)
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
  • --yes - Skip confirmation prompt
Example:

delete-all

Delete all saved nets on a Lager Box. This is a dangerous operation.
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
  • --yes - Skip confirmation prompt
Example:

rename

Rename an existing net.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Current name of the net
  • NEW_NAME - New name for the net (must be unique)
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

tui

Launch an interactive terminal-based UI for managing nets. The TUI provides a visual interface for viewing, creating, and deleting nets.
Options:
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:
TUI Features:
  • Browse all connected instruments and their channels
  • Create new nets with guided prompts
  • Pick custom LabJack pins when adding i2c/spi nets — a pin dialog opens with the defaults preselected (I2C: SDA=FIO4/SCL=FIO5; SPI: CS=FIO0/SCK=FIO1/ MOSI=FIO2/MISO=FIO3); any DIO pin can be chosen per signal, CS can be set to none for 3-pin SPI, and pins already used by saved nets show a warning
  • Assign custom serial devices (RS-232 instruments) to their USB cables — the interactive twin of assign, including the optional create-the-net step (--as-net)
  • Delete existing nets
  • View net details and instrument information
  • Keyboard navigation

set-script

Attach a debug script — either a JLinkScript or an OpenOCD .cfg/.tcl — to an existing debug net. The file is stored on the box and used automatically during connect, flash, erase, and reset operations. The backend (J-Link vs. OpenOCD) is auto-detected from two signals:
  1. The probe’s USB VID on the net’s address field (J-Link → jlink; ST-Link, FTDI, CMSIS-DAP, etc. → openocd).
  2. The file — extension first (.JLinkScript → jlink; .cfg/.tcl/.ocd → openocd), with a content sniff as a tie-breaker for extensionless files or stdin.
If the two signals disagree, set-script refuses with a clear error and asks you to pick one via --backend. A debug net only carries one script at a time. If the other field is already set, set-script clears it and prints a yellow notice on stderr so nothing disappears silently.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the debug net
  • SCRIPT_PATH - Path to the script file, or - to read from stdin
Options:
  • --backend [jlink|openocd] - Force a specific backend instead of auto-detecting (required if the probe and file disagree)
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

remove-script

Remove the debug script (J-Link or OpenOCD) attached to a debug net.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the debug net
Options:
  • --backend [jlink|openocd] - Only remove the named backend’s script (default: remove whichever is set)
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

show-script

Display the contents of the debug script attached to a debug net. The script content is written to stdout (so > out.cfg works); a one-line summary like # OpenOCD config, 1247 bytes is written to stderr so interactive use tells you which backend’s script you’re looking at without polluting redirects.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the debug net
Options:
  • --backend [jlink|openocd] - Only show the named backend’s script (default: show whichever is set)
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

show

Display all fields of a saved net, including user-provided metadata (purpose, notes, tags) set with describe.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the net
Options:
  • --json - Output as raw JSON
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

describe

Set metadata on a saved net so AI agents (and humans) understand what the net does on the DUT. Introduced in lager 0.24.0; the fields feed agent-assisted testing via the MCP server. At least one of --purpose, --notes, or --tag (or --clear-tags) must be provided.
Arguments:
  • NAME - Name of the net
Options:
  • -p, --purpose TEXT - One sentence: what this net does on the DUT
  • -n, --notes TEXT - Optional notes (gotchas, jumper positions, scope probe points)
  • -t, --tag TEXT - Tag for categorisation/matching (repeatable)
  • --clear-tags - Remove all existing tags before adding new ones
  • --box TEXT - Lagerbox name or IP
Example:

Net Types Reference

Debug Script Workflow

Both J-Link and OpenOCD debug probes can carry a custom script for handling reset sequences, clock initialization, board-specific signal pinning, or other device-specific behavior. Lager stores one script per debug net (either a JLinkScript or an OpenOCD .cfg/.tcl, never both) and applies it automatically during connect, flash, erase, and reset operations.
You can also attach a script at net creation time:
You can also configure J-Link scripts per-project in the local .lager config file:
When both a net-level script (via set-script) and a project-level script (via .lager config) exist, the project-level script takes priority.

Examples

Notes

  • Net names are globally unique regardless of type
  • Use lager instruments --box <lager-box> to see available instruments and channels
  • The TUI provides the easiest way to set up nets for the first time
  • Use add-all to quickly configure a new Lager Box with sensible defaults
  • I2C and SPI nets are supported on LabJack T7 and Aardvark adapters
  • Debug scripts (both J-Link and OpenOCD) are base64-encoded for storage and decoded automatically during debug operations
  • A debug net carries at most one script (jlink_script or openocd_config); set-script enforces this by clearing the other field when present