Oscilloscope

The oscilloscope module provides Python interfaces for waveform capture, triggering, and measurements.

Overview

Use the scope module to control oscilloscopes for analog signal capture, triggering on specific events, and automated measurements.

Import

from lager import Net, NetType

Usage

from lager import Net, NetType

# Get scope net
scope = Net.get('ANALOG1', type=NetType.Analog)

# Enable the channel
scope.enable()

# Start capture
scope.start_capture()

# Take measurements
freq = scope.measurement.frequency()
period = scope.measurement.period()

# Stop and disable
scope.stop_capture()
scope.disable()

Methods

Channel Control

`enable()`

Enable the oscilloscope channel.

scope.enable()

`disable()`

Disable the oscilloscope channel.

scope.disable()

Capture Control

`start_capture()`

Start continuous waveform capture.

scope.start_capture()

`start_single_capture()`

Start single-shot capture (captures one triggered event).

scope.start_single_capture()

`stop_capture()`

Stop waveform capture.

scope.stop_capture()

Measurements

Access comprehensive measurements through the measurement attribute:

Voltage Measurements

# Basic voltage
vmax = scope.measurement.voltage_max()      # Maximum voltage
vmin = scope.measurement.voltage_min()      # Minimum voltage
vpp = scope.measurement.voltage_peak_to_peak()  # Peak-to-peak
vavg = scope.measurement.voltage_average()  # Average voltage
vrms = scope.measurement.voltage_rms()      # RMS voltage

# Waveform characteristics
vtop = scope.measurement.voltage_flat_top()    # Flat top voltage
vbase = scope.measurement.voltage_flat_base()  # Flat base voltage
vamp = scope.measurement.voltage_flat_amplitude()  # Amplitude

# Thresholds
vupper = scope.measurement.voltage_threshold_upper()
vlower = scope.measurement.voltage_threshold_lower()
vmid = scope.measurement.voltage_threshold_mid()

# Signal quality
overshoot = scope.measurement.voltage_overshoot()
preshoot = scope.measurement.voltage_preshoot()

Timing Measurements

# Frequency and period
freq = scope.measurement.frequency()
period = scope.measurement.period()

# Rise and fall times
rise = scope.measurement.rise_time()
fall = scope.measurement.fall_time()

# Pulse widths
pos_width = scope.measurement.pulse_width_positive()
neg_width = scope.measurement.pulse_width_negative()

# Duty cycles
pos_duty = scope.measurement.duty_cycle_positive()
neg_duty = scope.measurement.duty_cycle_negative()

# Time at voltage extremes
t_vmax = scope.measurement.time_at_voltage_max()
t_vmin = scope.measurement.time_at_voltage_min()

# Slew rates
pos_slew = scope.measurement.positive_slew_rate()
neg_slew = scope.measurement.negative_slew_rate()

Counting Measurements

# Edge counts
pos_edges = scope.measurement.positive_edge_count()
neg_edges = scope.measurement.negative_edge_count()

# Pulse counts
pos_pulses = scope.measurement.positive_pulse_count()
neg_pulses = scope.measurement.negative_pulse_count()

Area Measurements

area = scope.measurement.waveform_area()
period_area = scope.measurement.waveform_period_area()

Statistical Measurements

variance = scope.measurement.variance()
pvrms = scope.measurement.voltage_rms_period()  # Period RMS voltage

Delay and Phase Measurements

# Delay measurements (between channels)
rr_delay = scope.measurement.delay_rising_rising_edge()
rf_delay = scope.measurement.delay_rising_falling_edge()
fr_delay = scope.measurement.delay_falling_rising_edge()
ff_delay = scope.measurement.delay_falling_falling_edge()

# Phase measurements
rr_phase = scope.measurement.phase_rising_rising_edge()
rf_phase = scope.measurement.phase_rising_falling_edge()
fr_phase = scope.measurement.phase_falling_rising_edge()
ff_phase = scope.measurement.phase_falling_falling_edge()

Measurement Options

Most measurements accept optional parameters:

# Keep measurement displayed on scope
freq = scope.measurement.frequency(display=True)

# Enable cursor measurement mode
vpp = scope.measurement.voltage_peak_to_peak(measurement_cursor=True)

Streaming (PicoScope)

For PicoScope devices, streaming capabilities are available:

`stream_start(channel, volts_per_div, time_per_div, trigger_level, trigger_slope, capture_mode, coupling)`

Start streaming acquisition. Parameters:

channel (str): Channel to enable - "A", "B", "1", "2"
volts_per_div (float): Vertical scale
time_per_div (float): Horizontal scale in seconds
trigger_level (float): Trigger level in volts
trigger_slope (str): "rising", "falling", "either"
capture_mode (str): "auto", "normal", "single"
coupling (str): "dc", "ac"

scope.stream_start(
    channel="A",
    volts_per_div=1.0,
    time_per_div=0.001,
    trigger_level=0.5,
    trigger_slope="rising",
    capture_mode="auto",
    coupling="dc"
)

`stream_stop()`

Stop streaming acquisition.

scope.stream_stop()

`stream_capture(output, duration, samples)`

Capture data to file. Parameters:

output (str): Output file path
duration (float): Capture duration in seconds
samples (int): Number of samples (optional)

scope.stream_capture(
    output="waveform.csv",
    duration=5.0
)

Complete Example

from lager import Net, NetType
import time

def measure_pwm_signal():
    """Measure PWM signal characteristics."""

    # Get scope net
    pwm_net = Net.get('PWM_OUTPUT', type=NetType.Analog)

    try:
        # Enable channel
        pwm_net.enable()

        # Configure trigger
        pwm_net.trigger_settings.set_mode_normal()
        pwm_net.trigger_settings.set_coupling_DC()
        pwm_net.trigger_settings.edge.set_source(pwm_net)
        pwm_net.trigger_settings.edge.set_slope_rising()
        pwm_net.trigger_settings.edge.set_level(1.65)  # 50% of 3.3V

        # Start capture
        pwm_net.start_capture()
        time.sleep(0.5)  # Wait for stable capture

        # Take measurements
        frequency = pwm_net.measurement.frequency()
        period = pwm_net.measurement.period()

        print(f"PWM Frequency: {frequency:.2f} Hz")
        print(f"PWM Period: {period*1000:.3f} ms")

        # Calculate duty cycle from pulse width if available
        # ...

    finally:
        pwm_net.stop_capture()
        pwm_net.disable()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    measure_pwm_signal()

Trace Settings

Configure vertical and horizontal scale through trace_settings:

# Vertical scale (V/div)
scope.trace_settings.set_volts_per_div(1.0)
volts = scope.trace_settings.get_volts_per_div()

# Vertical offset
scope.trace_settings.set_volt_offset(0.5)
offset = scope.trace_settings.get_volt_offset()

# Horizontal scale (s/div)
scope.trace_settings.set_time_per_div(0.001)  # 1ms/div
time_scale = scope.trace_settings.get_time_per_div()

# Horizontal offset
scope.trace_settings.set_time_offset(0.0)
time_offset = scope.trace_settings.get_time_offset()

Advanced Trigger Settings

Access advanced trigger configuration through trigger_settings:

# Trigger mode
scope.trigger_settings.set_mode_auto()
scope.trigger_settings.set_mode_normal()
scope.trigger_settings.set_mode_single()
mode = scope.trigger_settings.get_mode()

# Trigger coupling
scope.trigger_settings.set_coupling_DC()
scope.trigger_settings.set_coupling_AC()
scope.trigger_settings.set_coupling_low_freq_reject()
scope.trigger_settings.set_coupling_high_freq_reject()
coupling = scope.trigger_settings.get_coupling()

# Edge trigger settings
scope.trigger_settings.edge.set_source(scope)
scope.trigger_settings.edge.set_slope_rising()
scope.trigger_settings.edge.set_slope_falling()
scope.trigger_settings.edge.set_slope_both()
scope.trigger_settings.edge.set_level(1.65)

# Get status
status = scope.trigger_settings.get_status()

Cursor Control

Access cursor functions through the cursor attribute:

# Set cursor positions
scope.cursor.set_a(x=100, y=50)
scope.cursor.set_b(x=200, y=50)

# Get cursor positions
ax, ay = scope.cursor.get_a()
bx, by = scope.cursor.get_b()

# Move cursors relatively
scope.cursor.move_a(x_del=10, y_del=5)
scope.cursor.move_b(x_del=-10, y_del=0)

# Read cursor measurements
x_delta = scope.cursor.x_delta()  # Time difference
y_delta = scope.cursor.y_delta()  # Voltage difference
inv_x = scope.cursor.frequency()  # Frequency

# Get individual values
ax_val = scope.cursor.a_x()
ay_val = scope.cursor.a_y()
bx_val = scope.cursor.b_x()
by_val = scope.cursor.b_y()

# Hide cursor
scope.cursor.hide()

Supported Hardware

Manufacturer	Model Series	Features
Rigol	MSO5000	Multi-channel, mixed-signal, protocol decode
PicoScope	Various	Streaming support

Notes

Use NetType.Analog for oscilloscope channels (1-4)
Use NetType.Logic for digital channels (D0-D15) on MSO scopes
Streaming features are only available on PicoScope devices
Configure trigger before starting capture for reliable measurements
Measurement methods return float on success, or None if the measurement is invalid (e.g., no signal, no trigger, wrong channel). On Rigol hardware, the instrument returns 9.9E+37 for invalid measurements, which is automatically converted to None.
For protocol triggering (UART, I2C, SPI, CAN), see the Logic Analyzer documentation

Getting Started

Development

Power & Simulation

Measurement

I/O & Communication

Utilities

Oscilloscope

Overview

Import

Usage

Methods

Channel Control

`enable()`

`disable()`

Capture Control

`start_capture()`

`start_single_capture()`

`stop_capture()`

Measurements

Voltage Measurements

Timing Measurements

Counting Measurements

Area Measurements

Statistical Measurements

Delay and Phase Measurements

Measurement Options

Streaming (PicoScope)

`stream_start(channel, volts_per_div, time_per_div, trigger_level, trigger_slope, capture_mode, coupling)`

`stream_stop()`

`stream_capture(output, duration, samples)`

Complete Example

Trace Settings

Advanced Trigger Settings

Cursor Control

Supported Hardware

Notes

​Overview

​Import

​Usage

​Methods

​Channel Control

​enable()

​disable()

​Capture Control

​start_capture()

​start_single_capture()

​stop_capture()

​Measurements

​Voltage Measurements

​Timing Measurements

​Counting Measurements

​Area Measurements

​Statistical Measurements

​Delay and Phase Measurements

​Measurement Options

​Streaming (PicoScope)

​stream_start(channel, volts_per_div, time_per_div, trigger_level, trigger_slope, capture_mode, coupling)

​stream_stop()

​stream_capture(output, duration, samples)

​Complete Example

​Trace Settings

​Advanced Trigger Settings

​Cursor Control

​Supported Hardware

​Notes

Overview

Import

Usage

Methods

Channel Control

`enable()`

`disable()`

Capture Control

`start_capture()`

`start_single_capture()`

`stop_capture()`

Measurements

Voltage Measurements

Timing Measurements

Counting Measurements

Area Measurements

Statistical Measurements

Delay and Phase Measurements

Measurement Options

Streaming (PicoScope)

`stream_start(channel, volts_per_div, time_per_div, trigger_level, trigger_slope, capture_mode, coupling)`

`stream_stop()`

`stream_capture(output, duration, samples)`

Complete Example

Trace Settings

Advanced Trigger Settings

Cursor Control

Supported Hardware

Notes